Page 3 - Dr. Elie Hantouche
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Resistance to Antidepressants



in Bipolar-Spectrum vs MDD (%)









O’Donovan et al 2008 Future switchers Non-switchers


7/17 (41.2%) 0/17 (0)



Rybakowski et al 2005 Bipolar spectrum Pure MDD


32/106 (30.2%) 54/341 (15.8)



Rybakowski et al 2007 Bipolar spectrum Pure MDD


150/210 (71.4%) 419(841) (49.8)






Prevalence of Hypomania in MD Resistant to


Antidepressants




55% (Hantouche et Angst, 2009)
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